Self Knowledge And Happiness In Pride And Prejudice, by Jane Austen Ess

Pride and Prejudice written by Jane Austen is centred on characters that either gain self aw areness and knowledge or possess n one and only(a) at all. Happiness is found even when one has no understanding of selfhood but the most happy and fulfill people in the novel are those who have self knowledge. People that possess self knowledge understand their strengths and weaknesses and characters that gain self knowledge are able to decipher these characteristics and act upon them. As marriage was seen as a great achievement for women in their society, happiness in Pride and Prejudice relates to whether one is happy or upset in their marriage. Lydia, Mr WIckham and Lady Catherine de Bourg have no self knowingness and are unhappy in the novel. The marriage of Lydia and Mr Wickham is one of the unhappy marriages. Mr Wickham and Lydia are both very similar and are both unaware of their faults they are both careless with money and see no problem with ask their relatives for money. Lydia as the youngest daughter is well accustomed to having separate people look after her and she is dependent on other people. Lydias lack of self sentiency doesnt affect her greatly she is happy and claims that she loves Wickham. She is very fond of him but he is not fond of her and quickly loses interest, Wickhams affection for Lydia, was just what Elizabeth had pass judgment to find it not equal to Lydias for him. Lady Catherine de Bourg has no self knowledge. She is full of herself and sees herself very highly it is obvious she is lacks self knowledge. She makes discourteous comments about other people without thought to their opinions and she also enunciates comments about how she views herself. Lady Catherine de Bourg is unhappy because she is disappointed ... ...ejudice and realizes her faults she develops towards Darcy and is then prepared for a more fulfilling happy marriage. People with self awareness can be both happy and unhappy. Mr Bennet has self awareness but he is un happy because he finds no satisfaction in his family. Elizabeth and Darcy number to know themselves and develop towards each other and so their marriage has the capacity to hold the greatest happiness. Also, happiness can be found when you have no self awareness. Charlotte has self awareness and knows what she wants and needs and so she is content in her marriage to Mr Collins. Mr Collins has no self awareness but is happy because he has a wife and this is what he aspired to. Ultimately, people who have the most self awareness and knowledge who can grow and learn their weaknesses and faults are the people who leave alone have the most happiness in their lives.

How the Study of Sociology Helps us to Understand Different Societies E

Sociology allows us to understand how different groups of raft actthe way they do, and excessively brings us into their stopping points, heritage anddifferent backgrounds. This study also explains how culture plays a role inthe way different groups act, and how it reflects on their society. Thereare some social issues that sociology explains, such as how larger social andhistorical forces effect the way the communities act and how individualsact. All of these topics stress how important sociology is today, and howmuch of a distinction it makes in the understanding of different societies. In today?s society flock are influenced by the way other pot live,and the way people carry out their lives. Other people like to fallow otherpeoples values, morals, and how they carry out their responsibilities. All ofthese intimacys effects the way an individual lives, and acts, for instance ifpeople go to school to get an education and get a well paying job. Manypeople are going to do the same thing just to be in the same class andsociety, and make the money to have what e reallyone else has. Theimportance of education in today?s world is very important in getting thatjob that pays exceptional well. In today?s society people go to school get a advantageously job and a few years after getting established they start a family. Inthe past people sometimes graduated high gear and starting a family wasmore important then getting that well paid job. There are many benefits in having an social imagination. With theimagination people know how to live their lives, and know how to fit in to agroup. They fit into a group to feel welcomed and not like an outsider. Feeling part of a group also give a person self confide... ...n beatup cloths then I assume that their not wealthy, dirty, and doesn?t like to canvass care of them selves. This judgment of others is bad because I knowfrom experience. I wear nice cloths and try to look good all the time but Iam not rich or t hat wealthy. I know kids from my high school who wearworn, beat up cloths that are really rich, and they wear those clothsbecause that?s their style of living. It could be their culture in a sense butthey are just being them selves. With out the study of sociology many people wouldn?t know where tobegin in how to understand how a society works. The examining of how theculture works and functions helps us to get a feel of how the differentcultures relate to severally and every one?s society. Through this study we geta whole new view on how the world is oriented on culture and how everysociety acts.

How to Reduce the Rate of Domestic Violence Essay -- Preventing Domest

As professional athletes remind us on a weekly basis, domestic help violence is a social problem which continues to plague the nation. Through stricter law enforcement, improved hospital reporting techniques, and nationwide education and counseling, this problem can be reduced. Domestic violence has many different names such as, family violence, battering, wife beating, and domestic abuse. All these terms refer to the same thing, abuse by marital, mutual law, or a dating partner in an intimate relationship. Domestic violence is not limited to physical beating. It is any behavior that is intended to overhaul and control another human being through the use of humiliation, fear, and physical or verbal assault. Domestic violence is a very important screw in todays society because it has such a profound negative affect on the abused, mentally and physically. Verbal abuse can be besides as damaging as physical abuse. Verbal abuse is words that attack or injure an individuals s elf-image, which eventually shatters sensations self-esteem. In this paper, I will discuss the many kinds of abuses against women, the reasons why women stay in these relationships, and possible solutions to diminish or reduce the problems of domestic violence. on that point are many forms of domestic violence but the more prevalent types that I will discuss are physical abuse, verbal abused, psychological abuse, intimate abuse, social abuse and economical abuse. Every nine seconds, a husband physically abuses his wife in the U.S. (Schwartz & Scott, 2003). Physical abuse is any action that is interpreted against another person that inflicts pain and harm in order to control or intimidate whether in public or private. Pushing, slapping, punching, biting, kicking are just so... ...ple. Journal of Family Violence. Vol. 20, pg. 219 Retrieved March 1, 2015.Henslin, J. M. (2008). Social problems A down-to-earth approach (8th ed.). Boston Pearson.Kurz, D. (1998). Women, welfare, a nd domestic violence. Social Justice. Vol. 25pg. 270. Proquest Direct database. Retrieved February 25, 2015.Roberts, A. R. (2007). Domestic Violence Continuum, Forensic estimate and Crisisintervention. Families in Society. Vol. 88, pg. 42. Proquest Direct database. Retrieved February 25, 2015.Schwartz, M. A., & Scott, B.M. (2003). Marriage and Families. New Jersey Prentice Hall.Simpson, L.E., Doss, D.B., Wheeler, J., Christensen, A. (2007). Relationship violence among couples seeking therapy common couple violence or battering. Journal of marital and Family Therapy. Vol. 33, pg 270. Proquest Direct database. Retrieved February 25, 2015.

Causes Of Civil War :: essays research papers

Causes Of cultivated WarAs members of the Futurist of America Association, we have been assignedto look specifically at the hunting expedition of the American Civil War. There are fiveaspects that could of led to the Civil War and they are Westward Movement,Social Change, Froeign Policy Development, Government/Politics Development, and scotch Development. Out of the five aspects, Economic Development is the bestreason for the eventual Civil War.First, Westward Movement could of led to American Civil War because ofthe lah Purchase, Wilmont Proviso, Kansas-Nebraska Act, PopularSovereignity, Compromise of 1850, Missouri Compromise, "Bleeding Kansas",California Gold Rush, Manifest Destiny, and the Mistreatment of inwrought Americans.The Louisiana Purchase was done by President Jefferson because he treasured todoubled the size of the United States and to get train of New Orleans.Wilmont Proviso was to ban slaves from territories that might gbe aquired fromMexico. Kansas- Ne braska Act was the result of Douglas wanting to buildrailroads from lettuce to San Franciso. Douglas was a big believer in popularsovereignity, where the people have the right to decide if they want to be freeof slave state, and he whole ignore the Missoure Compromise. The Compromiseof 1850 stated that should be equal number of free and slave states. TheMissouri Compromise said that any state above the latitude of 36 30 can not bea slave state. "Bleeding Kansas" was where people were fighting over the issueof slavery and cost many American Lives. The California Gold Rust occurred whengold was discovered in California and people rushed out to California.WhenCalifornia apply for statehood, it cause huge problems because mating and theSouth wanted control of the gold in the state. Manifest Destiny was whereAmericans believe that they had the right to expand westward. The Treatment ofNative Americans was hoorible because Americans believe they were superior tothe Native Amer icans. All these issues seperated the North form the Southbecause each side a different view on each issue.Westward Movement could of led to the Civil War, but did not because ofHenry Clay. When the Westward Movemet occurred new states started to enter theunion. This is where the promblems begins. Missouri was the first state, otherthan Louisiana, to enter the union from the Louisiana Purchase and will turnimpications on the status of slavery west of the Mississippi. If Missouri enterthe union as a free state, then the North will get control of the House ofRepresentatives because they would have more representatives. If Missouri enterthe union as slave, the South will get control over the House.

Review of the on stage performance Of The Lion King Essay -- Drama

Review of the on gift performance Of The Lion King dramatic eventIn 1999, a spectacle hit the west-end after it roared through Broadwayin the USA, and a few weeks ago I went to represent it at the LyceumTheatre. Disneys award benignant animation, The Lion King, was broughtto life in musical fashion by director Julie Taymor. It was seen withits tarradiddle line intact, but as a completely original and sophisticatedpiece of theatrical art. With over 40 actors, singers and dancersgiving a stunning performance of puppetry, song, dance, fairytale andeven humour.The story concerns young lion prince Simba, whose birth has pushed his satanic uncle (Scar) back to second in line to the throne. Scar plots tokill both Simba and his father, King Mufasa, and steel the throne forhimself. Simba survives and is left-hand(a) to believe his fathers death washis fault, and so leaves the kingdom. He comes across a warthog andmeercat called Pumbaa and Timon who look after him. Throughout theplay this duo add many humorous moments that experience with the audience.He grows fully and is left with the finality whether to return to hisrapidly crumbling kingdom at the hands of Scar. He faces Scar in agreat and ruttish finale.There is a very enrapture performance from Josette Bushell-Mingo asRafiki, who takes on the wise old baboon of the play and acts as theplays narrator. Also, a convincing part by Cornell John as Mufasa andthe young Simba is play impressively by a naturally cheek... Review of the on stage performance Of The Lion King Essay -- DramaReview of the on stage performance Of The Lion KingDramaIn 1999, a spectacle hit the west-end after it roared through Broadwayin the USA, and a few weeks ago I went to see it at the LyceumTheatre. Disneys award winning animation, The Lion King, was broughtto life in musical fashion by director Julie Taymor. It was seen withits story line intact, but as a completely original and sophisticatedpiece of theatrical art. Wi th over 40 actors, singers and dancersgiving a stunning performance of puppetry, song, dance, fairytale andeven humour.The story concerns young lion prince Simba, whose birth has pushed hisevil uncle (Scar) back to second in line to the throne. Scar plots tokill both Simba and his father, King Mufasa, and steel the throne forhimself. Simba survives and is left to believe his fathers death washis fault, and so leaves the kingdom. He comes across a warthog andmeercat called Pumbaa and Timon who look after him. Throughout theplay this duo add many humorous moments that stick with the audience.He grows fully and is left with the decision whether to return to hisrapidly crumbling kingdom at the hands of Scar. He faces Scar in agreat and emotional finale.There is a very enchanting performance from Josette Bushell-Mingo asRafiki, who takes on the wise old baboon of the play and acts as theplays narrator. Also, a convincing part by Cornell John as Mufasa andthe young Simba is played impress ively by a naturally cheek...

Review of the on stage performance Of The Lion King Essay -- Drama

Review of the on stage performance Of The social lion KingDramaIn 1999, a spectacle hit the west-end after it roared through Broadwayin the USA, and a few weeks ago I went to see it at the lyceumTheatre. Disneys award winning animation, The Lion King, was broughtto behavior in musical fashion by director Julie Taymor. It was seen withits story line intact, but as a on the whole original and sophisticatedpiece of agency art. With over 40 actors, singers and dancersgiving a stunning performance of puppetry, song, dance, fairytale andeven humour.The story concerns young lion prince Simba, whose birth has pushed hisevil uncle (Scar) back to second in line to the throne. Scar plots tokill both Simba and his father, King Mufasa, and steel the throne forhimself. Simba survives and is left to believe his fathers final stage washis fault, and so leaves the kingdom. He comes across a warthog andmeercat called Pumbaa and Timon who look after him. Throughout theplay this duo add many humo rous moments that stick with the audience.He grows to the full and is left with the decision whether to return to his promptly crumbling kingdom at the hands of Scar. He faces Scar in agreat and emotional finale.There is a very enchanting performance from Josette Bushell-Mingo asRafiki, who takes on the wise old baboon of the play and acts as theplays narrator. Also, a convincing part by Cornell John as Mufasa andthe young Simba is played impressively by a naturally cheek... Review of the on stage performance Of The Lion King Essay -- DramaReview of the on stage performance Of The Lion KingDramaIn 1999, a spectacle hit the west-end after it roared through Broadwayin the USA, and a few weeks ago I went to see it at the LyceumTheatre. Disneys award winning animation, The Lion King, was broughtto life in musical fashion by director Julie Taymor. It was seen withits story line intact, but as a completely original and sophisticatedpiece of theatrical art. With over 40 ac tors, singers and dancersgiving a stunning performance of puppetry, song, dance, fairytale andeven humour.The story concerns young lion prince Simba, whose birth has pushed hisevil uncle (Scar) back to second in line to the throne. Scar plots tokill both Simba and his father, King Mufasa, and steel the throne forhimself. Simba survives and is left to believe his fathers death washis fault, and so leaves the kingdom. He comes across a warthog andmeercat called Pumbaa and Timon who look after him. Throughout theplay this duo add many humorous moments that stick with the audience.He grows fully and is left with the decision whether to return to hisrapidly crumbling kingdom at the hands of Scar. He faces Scar in agreat and emotional finale.There is a very enchanting performance from Josette Bushell-Mingo asRafiki, who takes on the wise old baboon of the play and acts as theplays narrator. Also, a convincing part by Cornell John as Mufasa andthe young Simba is played impressively by a na turally cheek...

Grade World History Essay

Before King Leopold the II of Belgium colonized the congo, it was known for its independence. It was the rarefied place to be for the Europeans. It was geographically diverse, it had mineral enriched soils, deposits of gold, diamonds copper and manganese, and it had a large animal population, lots of plants. King Leopold saw potential in the Congo and make it his. He had an American man, Henry Stanley secure treaties with all the local chiefs. With those he had complete power of the land. Imperialism on the Belgian Congo had a negative necessitate in many ways, including geographically, politically and psychologically.One of the major impacts is psychological. Psychological impacts are ones that mess with peoples emotions. King Leopold was a man who did not solicitude about other peoples emotions or their state of being he cared about himself and how much money he was going to make with the Congo. To quote a Congolese states on the amount of psychological torture he put some of t he Congolese people in I ran away with two old people, nevertheless they were caught and killed, and the soldiers made me carry the baskets holding their cut-off hands. They killed my little sister, threw her in a house and set it on fire. (8) The person that is talking sounds like a kid. If a child was going with this, which many did, witnessing something this horrifying can be very emotionally scarring.Another impact would be economical. An economic impact is one that affects the stemma part of things, such as labor systems. Tell them the no-account agents that we cannot and therefore will not find rubber we are willing to spend our vividness at any work possible, but the rubber is finished. If we must either be massacred or bring rubber, well, let them kill us then we cerebrate they will be satisfied.(20) This quote is from a village headman to Reverend Harris, a British missionary. This is from a workers point of view. It shows economic impact because it has to do with th e rubber industry, which was very important in the Congo.A third impact on the Congo is political. Political impact has to do with government or people in government. One quote that gives an example of political impact is one by Reverend Whitehead, Their chiefs are being weakened in their prestige and physique through imprisonment which is often cruel, and thus weakened in their authority over their own people they are put into chains for the shortage of manioc bread. This mode that Leopold and his people are forcing the native Congolese to back down in their government so Leopold has more power.Britain was excessively very involved in the Congo Free State. They were interested in the trading system it had. This effects Britain because it brought in new products to be sold, and potentially could make them money. It is important to study issues like this nowadays so nobody makes the same mistake twice.In conclusion, imperialism in the Congo had an overall negative affect on it. Im perialism affected, not only psychologically, but also politically and economically. King Leopold II never had good intentions for the Congolese people, he just had his own self in mind.

Challenging Behavior

Ch eitherenging Behavior contingency Study Essay module 1 essay submitted by Charles LaRocca Under the bringing close together act, there is a greater responsibility to provide a irrefutable learning environment for all told students not just those with disabilities. IDEA is the vehicle that drives extra knowledge policies and procedures throughout the nation. Before IDEA, there was a very improvident view for teaching students with disabilities. In the past finicky education teachers provided instruction to their students in the class populate with little or no input from other teachers.Today, students with disabilities atomic number 18 more inclusive in the general curriculum and their education is a cooperative collaborative effort. In almost any public school today, you give observe the special education teacher sitting in the general education teachers classroom (CC) collaborating and engaging with their students. The teachers expanded fiber because of IDEA to ensure a contri barelyive environment for learning for all students is evident in the case study thought-provoking behaviour. My first impression is that Ms.Allison has other special education students in her room since she has a teaching assistant. I mention this only to further illustrate that general education teachers have an increasing role as members of IEP teams in the collaborationism process. In the case study, the teacher, Ms. Allison has identified Leonards challenging demeanor which is the first step before a functional behavioural assessment can be implemented. By simply moving his seat to the back of the room will not do any good in effectively intervening or preventing his behavior.The teacher has taken the next step in her referral by listing in concrete and clear terms examples of Leonards challenging behavior. She has collected data as to when it occurs by observing his behavior in different settings and during different types of activities. The teacher has collecte d enough data to be the opinion that Leonards challenging behavior is a result of ADHD. She has demonstrated that is behavior is affecting his learning and is interfering with the learning of his/her peers.In this case study, all of the IDEA rights and requirements are met for an IEP team to begin to devise a political program for conducting a functional behavioral assessment. The team must explore the need for strategies and have systems to address any behavior that may impede the learning of the child with the disability or the learning of his or her peers (614 (d)(3)(b)(I) The fact that Leonards parents refuse interrogation and refuse the consent for special education services means that he is subject to the same disciplinary actions as those who take on no special services.He has no IEP, therefore he would not be protected under the IDEA act that addresses any disciplinary actions by school personnel. In solvent to certain disciplinary actions by school personnel, the IEP team must within 10 days, meet to formulate a functional behavioral assessment plan to collect data for growing a behavior intervention plan, or if a behavior intervention plan already exists, the team must criticism and revise it (as necessary), to ensure that it addresses the behavior upon which disciplinary action is predicated (615)(k)(1)(b).In this case the role of the parent and their consent is an important part of the IEP team by refusing to ratify the child will receive no services. However, if the school district wants to go to due process in over -turning the parents decision they may do so but in my opinion that is not very likely unless they can prove his behavior is a threat to himself and to others.Challenging BehaviorChallenging Behavior Case Study Essay Module 1 essay submitted by Charles LaRocca Under the IDEA act, there is a greater responsibility to provide a positive learning environment for all students not just those with disabilities. IDEA is the vehicle that drives special education policies and procedures throughout the nation. Before IDEA, there was a very myopic view for teaching students with disabilities. In the past special education teachers provided instruction to their students in the classroom with little or no input from other teachers.Today, students with disabilities are more inclusive in the general curriculum and their education is a cooperative collaborative effort. In almost any public school today, you will observe the special education teacher sitting in the general education teachers classroom (CC) collaborating and engaging with their students. The teachers expanded role because of IDEA to ensure a conducive environment for learning for all students is evident in the case study challenging behavior. My first impression is that Ms.Allison has other special education students in her room since she has a teaching assistant. I mention this only to further illustrate that general education teachers have an increasin g role as members of IEP teams in the collaboration process. In the case study, the teacher, Ms. Allison has identified Leonards challenging behavior which is the first step before a functional behavioral assessment can be implemented. By simply moving his seat to the back of the room will not do any good in effectively intervening or preventing his behavior.The teacher has taken the next step in her referral by listing in concrete and clear terms examples of Leonards challenging behavior. She has collected data as to when it occurs by observing his behavior in different settings and during different types of activities. The teacher has collected enough data to form the opinion that Leonards challenging behavior is a result of ADHD. She has demonstrated that is behavior is affecting his learning and is interfering with the learning of his/her peers.In this case study, all of the IDEA rights and requirements are met for an IEP team to begin to devise a plan for conducting a functiona l behavioral assessment. The team must explore the need for strategies and support systems to address any behavior that may impede the learning of the child with the disability or the learning of his or her peers (614 (d)(3)(b)(I) The fact that Leonards parents refuse testing and refuse the consent for special education services means that he is subject to the same disciplinary actions as those who receive no special services.He has no IEP, therefore he would not be protected under the IDEA act that addresses any disciplinary actions by school personnel. In response to certain disciplinary actions by school personnel, the IEP team must within 10 days, meet to formulate a functional behavioral assessment plan to collect data for developing a behavior intervention plan, or if a behavior intervention plan already exists, the team must review and revise it (as necessary), to ensure that it addresses the behavior upon which disciplinary action is predicated (615)(k)(1)(b).In this case th e role of the parent and their consent is an important part of the IEP team by refusing to sign the child will receive no services. However, if the school district wants to go to due process in over -turning the parents decision they may do so but in my opinion that is not very likely unless they can prove his behavior is a threat to himself and to others.

Judicial review

We repeat these answers here as a convenience to you. IA Judicial re curb examination The courts cannister decide whether the laws or actions of the legislative and executive branches of government argon integral. The process for making this determination is judicial check out.The doctrine of judicial review was open up in 1803 when the United States Supreme Court resolute Mammary . Madison. AAA Jurisdiction To hear a fiber, a court must have legal power over the person against whom the suit is brought or over the property involved in the suit. The court must also have legal power over the root word bet. Generally, courts apply a sliding-scale standard to determine when it is proper to exercise jurisdiction over a defendant whose only connection with the jurisdiction is the Internet. A outpouring and appellate courts A running play court is a court in which a lawsuit begins, a trial takes place, and evidence is presented. An appellate court reviews the rulings of trial court, on appeal from a judgment or order of the lower court. AAA Discovery Discovery is the process of obtaining study and evidence about a sheath from the other party or third parties. Discovery entails gaining glide path to witnesses, documents, records, and other types of evidence. Electronic discovery differs in its subject-?that is, e-media rather than traditional sources of information, much(prenominal) as paper documents. A Alternative dispute dissolver The traditional method of resolving a legal dispute is through litigation. Alternative methods include negotiation, mediation, and arbitrement. In negotiation, the parties attempt to settle their dispute informally without the involvement of a third party acting as mediator. In mediation, the parties attempt to come to an agreement with the assistant of a neutral third party, a mediator, who does not, however, make a last in the dispute. In arbitrement, a neutral third party or a panel of experts hears a dispute and re nders a conclusion.Answers to Critical Thinking interrogations in the sports Beyond Our Borders-? particular Thinking (Page 76) One of the arguments against allowing Shari courts in the United States is hat We would no longer have a common legal framework within our society. Do you agree or disagree? Why? Arguments in favor of allowing Shari courts-?or at least permitting the application of Shari principles in disputes in U. S. Courts or in alternative methods of dispute resolution-?include the legal and cultural principle of giving outcome to agreements.If the parties to a dispute have agreed to a certain set of standards to govern their situation, those standards could be applied. This would not undercut our common legal framework, but reinforce it. Arguments against allowing Shari courts or reminisces in the United States would most likely center on the conflicts between Shari tribunals and standards and state or national authority, governmental bodies, or law. Adapting the Law to the Online Environment-?critical Thinking (Page 83) How powerfulness a large company protect itself from allegations that it designedly failed to preserve electronic data?A corporation might defend against charges of intentional destruction or loss of data by showing, for example, that the absence is delinquent to the implementation of a policy to periodically purge electronic systems. Such charges might be aidle wordsed by not destroying he data but instead storing it. Questions in the Cases Case 3. 1 -?Critical Thinking (Page 69) Ethical Consideration Was it medium for the conjugation Carolina courts to require a New Jersey company to litigate in North Carolina? Explain. Yes, it was fair to require emancipation to litigate in North Carolina.The courts ruling did not offend traditional notions of fair play and substantial justice because Independence purposely availed itself of the privilege of doing business in North Carolina. Independence had engaged in numerous tran sactions with Southern for a year and had billed Southern for services in gists totaling ore than $21,000. Therefore, Independence should have expected to be hailed into court in North Carolina in the event of a dispute. Case 3. 2-?What If the Facts Were Different? Page 73) Suppose Gucci had not presented evidence that the defendant made superstar actual sale through his Web site to a resident of the courts district (the private investigator). Would the court still have found that it had personal jurisdiction over Hugging? Why or why not? The single sale to a resident of the district, Gucci private investigator, helped the plaintiff realize that the defendant s Web site was interactive and that the defendant used the Web tit to sell goods to residents in the courts district.It is possible that without proof of such a sale, the court would not have found that it had personal jurisdiction over the foreign defendant. The reason is that courts cannot exercise jurisdiction over foreig n defendants un little they can show the defendants had minimum contacts with the forum, such as by selling goods within the forum. Case 3. 3-?Critical Thinking (Page 90) gal Consideration How would business be affected if each state could gift a decree, like the ace in Texas, allowing parties to void out-of-state arbitration?If all states could pass statutes like the one in Texas, many parties would probably be less inclined to transact business. An arbitration provision allows a party to limit the burden and expense of settling any disputes. If another party could freely void such an agreement, there would be a greater risk of arbitration in an inconvenient forum, costly formal litigation, or both. That risk increases the perceived cost of doing business, making the business opportunity less attractive. Thus, many parties may decline to enter contracts without enforceable arbitration provisions.Answers to Questions in the Reviewing Feature t the End of the Chapter IA. federal official jurisdiction The federal district court can exercise jurisdiction in this case because the case involves diversity of citizenship. Diversity jurisdiction requires that the plaintiff and defendant be from different states and that the dollar amount of the controversy exceed $75,000. Here, gather up resides in Illinois, and Foreman and his manager live in Texas. Because the dispute involved the publicity of a series of boxing matches with George Foreman, the amount in controversy likely exceeded the required threshold amount. A. Original or appellate jurisdiction Original jurisdiction, because the case was initiated in that court and that is where the trial will take place. Courts having original jurisdiction are courts of the first instance, or trial courts-?that is courts in which lawsuits begin, trials take place, and evidence is presented. In the federal court system, the district courts are the trial courts, so the federal district court has original jurisdiction. AAA. Jurisdiction in Illinois No, because the defendants lacked minimum contacts with the state of Illinois.Because the defendants were regain out of the state, the court would eave to determine whether they had sufficient contacts with the State for the Illinois to exercise jurisdiction based on a long arm statute. Here, the defendants never came to Illinois, and the contract that they are alleged to have breached was not formed in Illinois. Thus, it is unlikely that an Illinois state court would find that sufficient minimum contacts existed to exercise AAA. Jurisdiction in Nevada Yes, because the defendants met with Garner and formed a contract in the state of Nevada.A state can exercise jurisdiction over out-of-state defendants under a long arm statute if the defendants had sufficient contacts with the State. Here, the parties met and negotiated their contract in Nevada, and a court would likely hold that these activities were sufficient to justify a Nevada courts exercising persona l jurisdiction. Answer to Debate This Question in the Reviewing Feature at the End of the Chapter In this age of the Internet, when people communicate via e-mail, tweets, Backbone, and Keep, is the concept of jurisdiction losing its meaning?Many believe that yes, the idea of ascertain jurisdiction based on individuals and companies physical locations no longer has much meaning. Increasingly, entrants are formed via online communications. Does it matter where one Of the parties has a physical presence? Does it matter where the e-mail server or Web page server is located? Probably not. In contrast, in one sense, jurisdiction still has to be decided when conflicts arise. Slowly, but ever so surely, courts are developing rules to determine where jurisdiction lies when one or both parties used online systems to sell or buy goods or services.In the final analysis, a specific court in a specific physical location has to try each case. Answers to Issue Spotters in the Example Feature at th e End of the Chapter IA Sue contracts with turkey cock to deliver a quantity of computers to Cues Computer Store. They disagree over the amount, the delivery date, the price, and the quality. Sue files a suit against turkey cock in a state court. Their state requires that their dispute be submitted to mediation or nonbinding arbitration. ordinal dispute is not resolved, or if either party disagrees with the decision of the mediator or arbitrator, will a court hear the case?Explain. Yes. Submission of the dispute to mediation or nonbinding arbitration is mandatory, but compliance with the decision Of the mediator or arbitrator is voluntary. A At the trial, after Sue calls her witnesses, offers her evidence, and otherwise presents her side of the case, Tom has at least two choices between courses of actions. Tom can call his first witness. What else might he do? Tom could file a motion for a directed verdict. This motion asks the judge to direct a verdict for Tom on the ground that Sue presented no evidence that would justify granting Jan relief.The judge grants the motion if there is insufficient evidence to throw out an issue of fact. Answers to Questions and Case Problems Business Scenarios and Case Problems 3-1 A Standing to sue (BELT page 73) This problem concerns standing(a) to sue. As you read in the chapter, to have standing to sue, a party must have a legally protected, tangible interest at stake. The party must show that he or she has been injured, or is likely to be injured, by the actions of the party that he or she looks to sue. In this problem, the issue is whether the Turns had been injured, or were likely to be injured, by the countys landfill operations.Clearly, one could argue that the injuries that the Turns complained of this instant resulted from the countys violations of environmental laws while operating the landfill. The Turns ivied directly across from the landfill, and they were experiencing the specific types of harms (fires, sca venger problems, groundwater contamination) that those laws were enacted to address. Thus, the Turns would have standing to bring their suit. 3-?AAA Question with Sample Answer-?jurisdiction Marry can bring suit in all three courts. The trucking firm did business in Florida, and the accident occurred there.Thus, the state of Florida would have jurisdiction over the defendant. Because the firm was headquartered in Georgia and had its principal place of business in that state, Marry could also sue in a Georgia court. Finally, because the amount in controversy exceeds $75,000, the suit could be brought in federal court on the basis of diversity of citizenship. 3-AAA Discovery (BITE pages 81-82) Under the work-product rule, attorneys are allowed to protect information that they have gathered as a result of their own skill and diligence.For example, an attorney for a party involved in an auto accident can go out to the scene of the accident and observe the fact that there is a stop sign missing without being under any contract to divulge such information to his opponent in the lawsuit. Similarly, an attorney who discovers a recently ecocide case decision supporting his or her theory is under no obligation to share this discovery with the opposing attorney. If attorneys had to share everything, they would be less inclined to expend efforts on behalf of their clients because, in essence, they would be working for both sides at once. -?AAA Case Problem with Sample Answer-?Arbitration Based on a recent holding by the Washington state supreme court, the federal appeals court held that the arbitration provision was unconscionable (see page 296 in Chapter 1 1) and therefore invalid. Because it was invalid, the restriction on class-action suits was also invalid. The state court reasoned that by offering a contract that restricted class actions and required arbitration, the company had improperly stripped consumers of rights they would normally have to attack certain indus try practices.Class-action suits are often brought in cases of deceptive or unfair industry practices when the losses suffered by an individual consumer are too small to warrant a consumer suing. In this case, the alleged added cell phone fees are so small that no one consumer would be likely to litigate or arbitrate the matter due to the expenses involved. Because the arbitration agreement eliminates the usability of class actions, it violates public policy and is void and unenforceable. 3-AAA Venue The purpose behind most venue statutes is to ensure that a defendant is not hailed into a remote district, having no real relationship to the dispute. The events in dispute have no connection to Minnesota. The Court stated Looked at through the electron lens of practicality-?which is, after all, what the venue statute is all about-?Nestsgs motion can really be distilled to a simple question does it make sense to compel litigation in Minnesota when this state bears no relationship to th e parties or the underlying events? The court answered no to this simple question. The plaintiff resides in South Carolina, her daughters injuries occurred there, and all of her aesculapian intercession was provided (and continues to be provided) in that state.South Carolina is the appropriate venue for this litigation against Nests to proceed. 3-AAA Arbitration (BELTS page 85) Arbitration can be compelled under a contracts arbitration clause as long as a dispute involves matters covered by the contract provision. In the set of facts in this problem, the terms of the parties contract are central to the resolution of their dispute. Under the contract, all claims that PRM has against Premiering go to arbitration because the arbitration clause covers all disputes. That includes allegations of fraud and theft.Such matters can be resolved by arbitration. In the actual case on which this problem is based, the court ruled that PRM had to take all complaints about Premiering to arbitrat ion. On appeal, the U. S. Court of Appeals for the Eighth Circuit affirmed this ruling. 3-AAA Spotlight on interior(a) Football-?Arbitration An arbitrators award generally is the final word on the matter. A courts review of an arbitrators decision is extremely limited in scope, unlike an appellate courts review oaf lower courts decision.A court will set aside an award only if the arbitrators conduct or bad faith substantially prejudiced the rights of one of the parties, if the award violates an established public policy, or if the arbitrator exceeded her or his powers. In this problem, and in the actual case on which this problem is based, the NAP argued that the award was reversal to public policy because it required Matthews to forfeit the right to seek workers compensation under California law. The court rejected this argument, because under the arbitrators award Matthews could still seek workers compensation under Tennessee law.Thus, the arbitration award was not clearly contra ry to public policy. 3-?AAA Minimum contacts (BITE pages 66-68) No. This statement alone was insufficient to establish that Illinois did not have jurisdiction over the defendant. The court ruled that Med-Express failed to introduce factual evidence proving that the Illinois trial court lacked personal jurisdiction over Med-Express. Med-Express had nevertheless recited that it was a North Carolina corporation and did not have minimum contacts with Illinois. Med-Express sent a letter to this effect to the clerk of Cook County, Illinois, and to the trial court judge. alone that was not enough.When a judgment of a court from another state is contestd on the grounds of personal jurisdiction, there is a presumption that the court issuing the judgment had jurisdiction until the contrary is shown. It was not. 3-?AAA A Question of Ethics-?Agreement to arbitrate 1. This is very common, as many hospitals and other health-care provides have arbitration agreements in their contracts for serv ices. There was a valid contract here. It is presumed in valid contracts that arbitration clauses will be upheld unless there is a violation of public policy. The provision of medical are is much like the provision of other services in this regard.There was not evidence of fraud or pressure in the inclusion of the arbitration agreement. Of course there is concern about mistreatment of patients, but there is no reason to believe that arbitration will not provide a sea captain review of the evidence of what transpired in this situation. Arbitration is a less of a lottery that litigation can be, as there are very a few(prenominal) gigantic arbitration awards, but there is no evidence of systematic discrimination against plaintiffs in arbitration compared to litigation, so there may not be a major ethical issue. . McDaniel had the legal capacity to sign on behalf of her mother.Someone had to do that because she lacked mental capacity. So long as in such situations the contracts do not contain terms that place the patient at a greater disadvantage than would be the case if the patient had mental capacity, there is not particular reason to treat the matter any differently. Critical Thinking and Writing Assignments 3-AAA Business Law Critical Thinking Group Assignments 1. The statute violates litigants rights of introduction to the courts and to a jury trial because the imposition of arbitration costs on those who improve their sections by less than 10 percent on an appeal is an ridiculous burden.And the statute forces parties to arbitrate before they litigate-?an added step in the process of dispute resolution. The limits on the rights of the parties to appeal the results Of their arbitration to a court further impede their rights Of access. The arbitration procedures mandated by the statute are not reasonably related to the legitimate governmental interest of attaining less costly resolutions of disputes. 2. The statute does not violate litigants constitutional right of access to the courts because it provides the parties tit an opportunity for a court trial in the event either party is dissatisfied with an arbitrators decision.The burdens on a persons access to the courts are reasonable. The state judicial system can avoid the expense of a trial in many cases. And parties who cannot improve their positions by more than 10 percent on appeal are arguably wasting everyones time. The assessment of the costs of the arbitration on such parties may discourage appeals in several(prenominal) cases, which allows the courts to further avoid the expense of a trial. The arbitration procedures mandated by the statute are reasonably related to the estimate governmental interest of attaining speedier and less costly resolution of disputes. . The determination on rights of access could be different if the statute was part of a pilot political program and affected only a few judicial districts in the state because only parties who fell under the jurisdi ction of those districts would be subject to the limits. Opponents might argue that the program violates the due process of the Fifth Amendment because it is not applied fairly throughout the State. Proponents might counter that parties who object to an arbitrators decision have an opportunity to appeal it to a court.Opponents might argue that the program exceeds what the state legislature can impose because it does not reasonably relate to a legitimate governmental objective-?it arbitrarily requires only litigants who reside in a few jurisdictions to submit to arbitration. Proponents might counter that this is aimed at the reduction of court costs-?that the statute rationally relates to a legitimate governmental end. An equal protection challenge would most likely be subject to a similar rational basis test. Under these and other arguments, the reduction of court costs would be a difficult objective to successfully argue against.

Immanuel Kant Paper Essay

Im populaceuel Kant (1724-1804) is one of the just about influential philosophers in history of Western philosophy. A main(prenominal) representative of the Western-European classical philosophy, Immanuel Kant dealt with the best traditions of the German estimatelism. A human privateity, according to Kant is the highest and absolute value. It is the personality, in Kants understanding, that towers the person over its own self and cogitate the human being with the order of involvements. The order of things, according to Kant is the reflection of the common sense. The whole perceived world around us complies with the order of things.The around interesting part of Kants philosophy is that his own smell of the order of things and common sense is dual in case of analyzing it. In his work prat of the Metaphysic of ethics Kants thoughts come to a vital question. This question lies in the fight between the undermost and highest abilities of a desire, between the longing to happines s and a replete(p) pull up stakes that is a manifestation of duty. In this work it is very easy to trace Kants intension to oppose the clean teaching of moralisticity and its adulteration to any ethical relativism, which causes this degradation of morality.He tried to create the highest form of estimation of the ethical principles that managed morality? For he believed that the degradation of morality starts from, the impossibility to rate what is re totallyy wrong or right. Here, is the point where Immanuel Kant enters the definition of the notion earnest pass on. Kant explains what a favourable exit is and what difference it supports in the information of the moral actions that a person makes. Kants main intention is to underline the moral value of motivation and its realization at least through and through the presence of a keen will in a person. Kant 3Analysis of Kants impregnable will The only thing that is skillful without qualification or travail is a good will . Kant outlines that goodness objectively remains to be goodness, even if nobody is really good. From this understanding he offers the definition of what a good will is. The notion of Kants ethics is the autonomous good will. This good will is not passive a carrier of this will needs to make actions and deeds. A moral action looks like a result of an internal imperative command. So Kant makes an accent on the importance of the behavior, which is managed by the good will.That is to say, a good will alone in good in all circumstances and in that sense is an absolute or unconditioned good. Kant evaluates a good will without basing on the results, which it produces. From the point of cipher of the philosopher a good will keeps remaining good even if it does achieve the goal it had. In former(a) words, even if an individualistic fails to do something commanded by his good will what he did remains a good thing unconditionally. At the same epoch Immanuel Kant views a good will as a uniq ue goodness that is able to produce the result it intended to produce.A good will is still blue-chip by itself, because it objectively either exists or not in the personality. Good will vs. Happiness As it has been already mentioned Immanuel Kant in his work Groundwork of the Metaphysic of Morals widely uses the term good will. It is very important to understand the Kant 4 reason Kant valued this notion so deeply.To completely understand this it is needful to draw the parallel between a good will and objective happiness of every individual. Let us suppose, basing on Kants words, that we meet a person who at all points is successful he has power, wealth, a good health, a good state of mind, he is satisfied with his life, looks and considers himself to be a blissful person.Can we say analyzing this man that he is happy? Generally yes. People would ordinarily say that this man is happy and has everything to be happy and his own perception of being happy in addition. Kants question to this matter is different does this happiness have a moral base? From Kants point of view some conditions and qualities of a happy person are not combined with any moral bases. At this point is necessary to come back to the term good will.The absence of a good will makes unacceptable generally needed personal qualities such as wittiness, ability to judge, courage, decisiveness and some(prenominal) some others. Kant implies that these qualities may become evil in case when they are not supported by the good will. From the philosophers opinion a good will forms, probably, the most essential condition not only of being happy moreover even of being worthy to be happy. The essence of a good will A good will is a will, not able to be cruel or evil.The supposition of goodness forms the nature of the good will. integrity it the main requirement of the existence of the good will according to Immanuel Kant. A good will is a will in which immanent characteristics of an individual do not prevent but define and help the desire to do good. Good will in its own sense is a star of liberty and law, mind and goodness. The purity of determination of the will by the Kant 5 mind is the real meaning of its goodness. Kant also refers to the absolute good will.The sanctitude of this good will in Kants understanding comes from its superiority over Kants ordinary good will. Kant views the absolute good will as the moral destination of the human mind. It is the main goal of the highest gift humanity has ever gotten the human mind. Kant interprets this form of will as a pure will. Kant through his notion good will reveals the necessity of high moral values in the life of every person, without which the life even subjectively happy individual is may not be called complete and successful, but even a failure of mind to success and to purify.Kant makes an accent on the required versatility of the good will a good will needs to become the law of will of any creature. A good will pos sesses a full unity of subjective and objective beginnings of the will in the unconditional law of moralities. Plausibility of Kants view of the good will Some people claim that Kants idea seems to be a utopia of perfection. According to Kant the perfection of will is estimated by the completeness of absolute will in an individual. If therefore the perfection of will is a moral law, all other laws of duty remain considerably imperfect, which also makes the good will imperfect, too.Therefore, a human being is a unique creature, for which perfection in other fields is not as valid, as the good will is. The complete perfection is achieved only the good will itself, for it is objectively and unconditionally good. Can this be considered to be a universal law? And is a good will the most valuable thing philosophically? What Kant assures the reader is that the good will is good even if it does not produce the necessary effects and does not achieve the results is aimed to achieve. If the re ader analyzes this point of view from a practical example he dexterity face a plastered difficulty.For instance, a persons Kant 6 goal is to do a good thing, but while trying to do it he causes definite harm. Can it be estimated to be still a good will, even if it caused negative results, opposite to the ones aimed to achieve. The most questionable part of Kants opinion is the evaluation of the result of the action produced by the good will. As both positive and negative results do not postpone the goodness of the good will it is very hard to objectively judge the actions of a person. If the perfection can be found only inside of the good will and nothing else can be perfect by itself, than how can a person assume that he poses a good will.This is very doubtful, due to the difference of the notion of happiness of other people. Individuals subjectivity does not allow them to possess a good will because even if their intensions are good they cannot chicane for sure that what they want to do is good in terms of the person they want to help and anything else. At the same time the fact of willing good may not be taken into count. If there are two different people with the same results obtained and if their wills are opposing each other, than the person that possess a good will in his intentions is the good one.It is about the inconsistency of the will and the result of the action the will produces. Kant idea seems to be a utopia, but nevertheless, it may be called plausible due to the possibility to perfect while trying to achieve the absolute will. It is very plausible that even if a man is talented, gifted, if he posses the most suitable temperament for his ambience, even if he is clever, voluptuous, sincere it all may produce harm in case if it not tell by a good will. Immanuel Kant outlines that a good will is what makes a man highly moral and therefore evaluates him in its own definition.Conclusion Immanuel Kant provided a philosophical point of view of t he morality of the society. His good will innovation gave the bases to the works of other famous philosophers. Immanuel Kant 7 Kants good will supposition claims that only if a thing does not require anything else to be good in order to function then it is good and if it does it is good with a certain limitation. Good will is estimated both by the goodness of the willing and the result of this willing, not necessarily both at the same time.As all the personal qualities require a good will to conduct them in order to be good they are all good with limitations. At the same time a good will does not need all these qualities to be good. All the qualities and opportunities in the society around are good with limitations and the only thing that will make them truly good is the good will, for it is the only thing that does not require anything else to be good. Kants unexcelled idea enraptures the thinker with its depth.The most important thing to understand, according to Kant is that t he goodness of a good will is not evaluated through the result it achieves and the result itself has nothing to with the goodness of the good will and under no condition does limit its goodness. Nothing would end this paper better that Kants own words carrying the most important message he wanted people to hearIt is impossible to conceive anything at all in the world, or even out of it, which can be taken as good without qualification, except a good will. Kant 8 Bibliography Abbott, I. K. (1829). Groundwork for the Metaphysics of Morals. New York Broadview Press Ltd. Beck, t. L. (1959). Foundations of Metaphysics of Morals. Indianapolis Bobbs-Merrill. Kessler. (2009). Voices of Wisdom. Mason Cengage Learning.

Environmental economics Essay

The market forces of affect and supply lead to equilibrium price and quantity that lavatory be practised to allocate sources effectively in mevery of the markets. At times they fail to deliver the best level of output for society. The organization intervenes using heterogeneous methods to correct market stroke. This report details the six different types of market failure which can occur in the UK in addition to critically enlarge how the political sympathies attempts to correct market failure. 2. Externalities According to Samuelson (1954) Externalities create a divergence between the private and kindly costs of production.Social costs argon the production cost of a product or run including third party costs in the event of a negative externality the social costs atomic number 18 much greater than private costs i. e. pollution. Externalities be external costs and benefits which arise during economic activity and which are non considered by the buyers and sellers invol ved as they effect third parties only. Ignoring external costs and benefits can lead to the wrong level of output in the market. Negative externalities, promptly and thus referred to as external costs, are the costs that separate social and private costs.They are the costs paid for by third parties, which is usually society as a whole. If negative externalities are left to the market mechanism it could lead to over production. Chivian and Bernstein (2008) concluded, soft drinks in large quantities are unhealthy and could lead to medical checkup problems. This would increase the medical costs for the government activity, to tackle this issue they could value soft drinks to discourage use in addition to elevating such charges from healthy drinks consequently providing a cheaper and healthier alternative. Consumers can create externalities by consuming certain goods or services.Pollution from privately owned cars or taxis Public damage caused by inebriant nuisance Litter on stre ets The UK government address these negative externalities through two primary functions legislations and taxations. Pressure from environmentalist along with studies confirming the equalence of global warming forced the UK government to introduce Green taxation. This includes an increase in petrol prices to discourage use of fuel reliant cars, increase in excise duty on alcohol as well as fines for perpetrators caught in the act of littering.Indirect taxes are used as a convey of deterrence on products which could lead to market failure. They differ to specific taxes such as excise duty on tobacco as they are not fixed sum per unit. VAT is an indirect tax which raises cost of production. A pecuniary externality is a type of negative externality which relates to the economic activities instead than physical resources. Apple increased its market share from 25% to 36% in the mobile phone market while others have lost theirs those pang losses have incurred a pecuniary externality (Apple iphone market share, 2011).The key difference between pecuniary and real externality is while real externality ought to require compensation pecuniary should not. Positive externalities, if left to market mechanism, could under produce and would not reach level of output which is socially efficient. Education system, government provides student finance to encourage higher education Health service, government provides scanty health service By investing in human groovy via promoting education and providing incentives to stay in education i. e.EMA, the government is assisting corporations through nurturing more educated individuals. This is essential in sustaining the countrys development. Positive externalities can besides have negative effects UK boasts one of the largest fast food market in the world, Britons spend norm of ? 7 million a day on junk food, which contributed to UK being crowned as the fattest country in Europe (Britain is Europes fattest nation, 2011). 3. Mi ssing markets Missing markets transpires when there is a failure in the market to produce certain goods or offer services in spite of the level of demand.If conditions are not satisfied markets can struggle to exist and since it is unlikely they will ever form they are called missing markets. An exercising of this occurrence is the pure national goods which provides to the population non-excludable and non-rival benefits. The unbosom rider problem can be one of the causes which lead to missing markets the term originates from the example of aroundone who doesnt pay fares when using public transport. Everyone would want to use the product but would wait till someone else has paid for it which could lead to under-production or even non-production.For example, if an individual does not pay tax he can still use the roads or call the emergency services. Pure public goods and other markets with similar characteristics are unlikely to ever be considered as condescension opportunities by individuals or corporations prone the impossibility of charging consumers at the point of consumption. Pure public good includes street lights, national defence, police, fireworks display etcetera All pure public goods have the following characteristics Non-rivalry The consumption of the good by one person does not reduce the quantity available for others.The amount of usage does not fit with the availability for example a lighthouses light can be seen by more than one ship at any given time. Non-excludable If the good is provided for one anyone can use it, and they cannot be stopped from using it. Once a streetlight is erected it benefits all passers-by and there is no possible bureau of excluding someone. Non- disapproveable The public cannot refuse the benefits or consequences of a pure public product. An individual cannot reject being defended by the armed forced of a country, nor can they reject the benefit of street lighting.To tackle the missing market failure the gove rnment may seize control of all operations relating to pure public goods and would then be responsible for meeting the demands of the people. In order to fund projects such as road building the government would raise taxes rather than charge individuals. The government introduces money making schemes such as congestion charges to raise funds for the transport system or charge private airlines landing fees at airports. In 2008, as a bid to attain ? 3 billion, an idea was proposed which would introduce congestion charge in Greater Manchester. 4.Information dissymmetry Information asymmetry occurs when there is a lack of symmetry, or balance, between the get byledge of the buyer compared to that of the seller furthermore, the imbalance gets exploited which leads to a misallocation of resources. For instance, an unscrupulous dentist might range his patient he needs lots of dental work done, when in reality not so much is required, just to create transaction. This can as well be see n in policeyers, car mechanics, doctors etc. In the UK there are several laws which serve well the consumers and warrant them rights if a product is purchased or a service is used.The Trade Descriptions Act 1968 was introduced to prevent manufactures and retailers from misleading consumers by stating all products must be sold as described, of satisfactory quality, and fit for purpose(OFT, 2011). This prevents businesses from deceiving individuals by allowing them rights to know exactly what the product is. To inform consumers of their rights the government has restrainup websites and institutions which can be used to attain information readily. The OFT (Office of Fair transaction) was set up in 1973 to enforce both consumer nurseion and contender law, acting as the UKs economic regulator.They can be contacted by consumers who would be given guidance about their matter and legal advice. The OFT carry out investigations into alleged unfair practices if consumers feel wronged f or example, in June 2010 an investigation into credit score websites was opened by and by consumers complained about being charged monthly subscriptions fees. Verdict was reached and the accused companies agreed to not mislead consumers by making these charges known (Investigation into unfair practices, 2011). 5. Lack of competition in the marketAccording to OConnor (2012) a monopoly occurs if at least of the two conditions are satisfied The only organization in the industry straightforward barriers of entry The UK government and many other agencies, informally, refer to any company with more than 25% market share as a monopoly. This includes companies on a national, regional or local scale. Monopolist businesses act as price maker, due to lack of competition, therefore can create artificially high prices if demand exists to earn abnormal profits.This is very different to the situation which occurs when competition exists in the market where businesses are constantly trying to red uce prices to undercut competitors. A suppressive trade practice is a strategy used to reduce competition and raise prices of products. Cartels are formed when businesses agree to set prices high, they are also extrajudicial in UK. Competitors are forbidden to collude in restricting the flow of goods to a particular person or business. The UK government has various legislations to prevent abuse of power. Monopolies and Restrictive Practices Act (1948)In 1948 the Monopolies Commission was created to investigate industries where businesses are acting in collusion to point of accumulation competition. A report will be produce after the investigation is concluded and will be given to the government to take necessary action. Monopolies and Mergers Act (1965) This act was created to investigate or prevent business that control at least 25% of the market from merging together. The Monopolies Commission would investigate the case then allow the merge to take place or disallow it if it d oes not act in the interest of the public. Restrictive Trade Practices Act (1956)Restrictive Trade Practices Act made it illegal for manufactures to act in collusion and control the prices at which their product is sold at in retail stores. The Registrar of Restrictive Practices acts as a database, businesses have to register any restrictive agreements between the manufactures. Fair Trading Act (1973) This act established the Office of Fair Trading with the aim of enforcing the act. Consumer protection and Competition law were the master(prenominal) agenda. The goal is to ensure markets work well for consumers, ensure strong competition and prohibit unlawful practices.Consumer protection was enhanced as businesses would be given word of advice at first but will be taken to court if problems persist. Competition Acts (1980 and 1998) Large businesses may limit competition and increase profits by predatory pricing, excessive prices, refusal to supply and price discrimination. This act was created to ensure businesses do not abuse their dominant market position and to deal with restrictive business practices. The EU influenced this act as the UK had to comply with EU competition policy.This act will be enforced by the Director General of Fair Trading and business if found at fault will be liable to financial penalties. Enterprise Act (2002) This act establishes new competition authorities, reformulates the law regarding mergers and markets, changed the law governing insolvency bankruptcy and criminalises anti-competitive behaviour. It also enhanced the Office of Fair Trading powers allowing it to carry out searches under warrant on the suspected mergers. Businesses can now appeal against the decisions made by the Competition Commission.The Minister of Trade and Industry used to play a major role but due to inconsistencies he no longer has the final say regarding mergers. 6. Unstable prices Unstable prices apply particularly to commodities, any naturally accruing substances, such as fossil fuels, coffee, wheat etc. If left to the market mechanism they tend to suffer from fluctuations in prices much more frequently than manufactured goods, which create problems for the suppliers of these commodities as they cannot plan with any inference on what revenue they are going to receive.Lipsey and Harbury (1993) discussed the two strategies the government tries to control the price with Price cap The government imposes a maximum price limit that can be charged for a particular item in order to protect consumers from environments that would make commodities inaccessible. A binding price ceiling is when the government decides to set the price ceiling below that of the free market price for example, if bread costs ? 2. 00 on the free market a price ceiling of ? 1. 00 would be considered a binding price ceiling.However, this can also have undesired results as some suppliers may slump out of the market as they cannot deal with the deficit, causing suppli es to reduce and demand to increase as consumers bulk buy cheap items. A non-binding price ceiling is when the price ceiling is set above the free market price giving the suppliers/manufactures a buffer zone which is unlikely to have any practical effect. Price floor A price floor is the minimum price that can be charged for a product or service.If the mandatory price is set below the free market equilibrium price then it will have no practical effect but if the minimum price is set higher than the free market price it would mean consumers will have to pay more for the product. This could lead to demand falling which would result in manufactures seeing revenue decrease. An example of a minimum floor price is the National Minimum Wage Act 1998 which dictates the lowest amount employees can be paid. 7. Labour market failureLabour market should, according to Gregg and Wadsworth (2011), reach a certain equilibrium wage and quantity but in practice this rarely happens. Listed below are s ome potential causes of market failure Labour and skills immobility Labour cannot always be where the jobs are, this is called geographical immobility. Skills immobility is when excavate does not possess the right skills to fulfil the job. For example, coal miners lost their jobs when new industries were formed and because of the mismatch in skill they are left unemployed.Discrimination Race, gender, height, weight and age are some examples of discrimination which can take place and could lead to market failure. The government intervenes by creating legislations such as the National Minimum Wage Act and pair Pay Act to help protect peoples rights at work. They also offer incentives for students to continue into further education. Gangmasters are the main employers in a town and will use their buying power to force wages below the national minimum wage rate.The government set up the GLA (Gangmasters Licensing Authority) to help control this problem and protect workers (Labour marke ts, 2009). 8. Conclusion The UK government acts admirable in the event of market failure to prevent further damage being inflicted onto the economy. However, the noncompetitive business control acts are not in my estimation deterring businesses from unhealthy practices enough. The green initiative is laughable at best considering most households generally are in possession of two cars compared to just a single vehicle few years ago.Clearly more needs to be done to protect the environment. Although high petrol prices and an increase in insurance act as a deterrent to some the lack of alternatives is detrimental to the efforts. A higher tax should be implemented on tobacco as it is causes negative externalities which not only affect the individual but also the government, NHS spend on average five billion a year on treating diseases directly caused by smoking (Buckley,2003). 9. Bibliography Samuelson, P. A. , 1954, the pure theory of public expenditure, harvard university press. Chiv ian,E. C. and Bernstein, A.B. , 2008, sustaining life, oxford university press. OConnor, A. C. , 2012, monopoly the cause of evil, Lightning source uk ltd. Gregg, P. G. and Wadsworth, J. W. , 2011, The labour market in winter the state of working britian, OUP oxford. Lipsey,R. G. L and Harbury,C. D. H. ,1993, first principles of economics, Weidenfield and Nicolson. Buckley,C. B. , 2003, thank you for smoking, Allison and busby. reuters. 2011. Apple iPhone market share. ONLINE Available athttp//www. reuters. com/article/2011/12/22/smartphones-europe-idUSL6E7NM0PI20111222. Accessed 25 January 12.metro. 2011. Britain is Europes fattest nation. ONLINE Available at http//www. metro. co. uk/news/38242-britain-is-europes-fattest-nation. Accessed 25 January 12. office of fair trading. 2011. Investigation into alleged unfair practices. ONLINE Available athttp//www. oft. gov. uk/OFTwork/consumer-enforcement/consumer-enforcement-completed/adaptive-affinity/. Accessed 25 January 12. labour mark et failure. 2009. labour markets. ONLINE Available athttp//www. tutor2u. net/economics/presentations/labour_market_failure/player. html. Accessed 25 January 12.

Baskin Robbins Executive Summary

BR is a global chain of icing the puck solve parlors founded in Glendale, California by Burton Baskin and Irvine Robbins, ice cream enthusiast brothers-in-law, whose cacoethes inspired what is now the worlds largest chain of ice cream specialty shops. What was once a selection of 31 flavorsBaskin-Robbins 31 stands for a different ice cream flavor for each day of the monthhas grown to more than 1,000 in its flavor library. We sell fun, not ice cream. Today, Baskin-Robbins is the worlds largest chain of ice cream specialty stores, serving over 150 million customers worldwide, but the brand is still guided by the same credos and innovative thinking as its founders. Baskin-Robbins has historically led the industry with innovations such as hand-packed quarts of ice cream, a unique flavor ribbon technique and the use of traditional ingredients such as apple pie and cheesecake.And, Baskin-Robbins continues to introduce new creations that surprise and delight customers in 2008 the brand launched Soft avail, making it the largest national chain to offer both Soft Serve and hand scooped ice cream. Additional products include layered sundaes, signature ice cream cakes and a growing line of beverages, including Fruit thunders, Fruit Blast Smoothies, Cappuccino Blast and shakes. Dunkin Donuts, BR and Togos, formerly branded together as Allied Domecq Quick Service Restaurants (ADQSR), now are known as Dunkin Brands, Inc. The new give away comes with a tagline eat. drink. hink. that headquartered in Canton, Massachusetts.In December, Dunkin Brands was acquired by a U. S. investment group of Bain Capital, Thomas Lee Partners and the Carlyle Group. They have leveraged the brand equity and success of Dunkin Donuts to create a name that clearly identifies their business and provides immediate recognition in the global marketplace. The re-branding has created renewed motivation from the teams of talented people involved with each brand and the organization, providing the r esources to drive strategical market expansion both nationally and internationally.

Gunpowder Empires

You might have heard of gun powder, but do you complete who invented it and when it was created. It was first created by the Chinese during the tang dynasty. This particular dynasty was active in the 18th century. Gunpowder contains 3 important ingredients sulfur, saltpeter, and charcoal. Ironically today we use pulverisation to kill but before used in weapons the Chinese thought it could cure skin diseases. Soon after gunpowders total authority was discover. The Chinese then invented the stem. Three major empires saw the power of these cannon and began to create and experiment with this new technology.As known technology advanced so did cannon building and other small arms. This allowed the empires that invested in this technology to strengthen and spread out and conquer more lands. As these empires expanded they began to intrude on European cities. Naturally Europeans didnt appreciate the intrusion. The Europeans began to fight back and start wars, most importantly at the battle of Vienna. Vienna was a very important metropolis for the Ottoman Empire to conquer seeing how it is the easy passage through the mountains to Europe, a sort of doorway. The Ottoman Empire attacks the best they could fighting the Europeans.The fighting was so close that only the big waited Calvary from Poland was able to save the Europeans from total disaster. Maybe if the ottomans gunpowder was more powerful and closer to todays canon they would have won. If the Calvary had never showed up the entire history of Europe would be different. Another example is when the Ottoman Empire managed to conquer Istanbul. You may be wondering how anyone could get past the 50 by 40 foot walls of Istanbul. The Ottoman Empire developed huge cannon. These cannon were twenty six feet long and 18 inches thick. It shot carved stone balls that weighed in excess of six hundred pounds.These alone werent enough to take down the wall but the ottomans came up with a clever strategy. What the ottomans did was build twenty six of these bad boys and divide them into three groups each group fired at one craved point along the wall with days of constant battering at one point the wall came down. The gunpowder undoubtedly changed history, even though approximately people believe that if gunpowder was never discovered the world would be a safer place. They might be right but I dont see how we could have reached this point in development without technology.

Residential Schools Essay

The Decolonization of Aboriginal Civilizations through Education For centuries the Canadian presidencys emphasis has always been on public affairs, where the wealthy and powerful dominated and the original inhabitants who established our lands were almost completely disregarded. In this essay, I will argue that the nurtureal strategy of rules of the Indian residential School (IRS) failed to meet the needs of absolute generations of Aboriginal peoples.Even after the clays discontinuation, the government continued to withhold any type of resolution for an entire decade and to this day the bequest of the IRS hangs heavy in native Australian communities across Canada. I will prove that the Canadian federal outline has failed in on the whole accounts of Aboriginal students groomingal needs by looking at the provincial education system in comparison to the residential school system.The IRS institutions were launched in the 1840s with aboriginal children as their principal site through them the Canadian government hoped to civilize and conform the following generations of Aboriginals into mainstream Canadian society and Christianity. The IRSs object resulted in the imprudent violation of the Aboriginal peoples traditions and the denial of their fundamental human rights. Up until 1996, Aboriginal children suffered from wanting(p) living conditions and were taught at an inadequate level of education by men and women who were not qualified to teach.Although practically has since been changed within the aboriginal education system, the legacy of the IRS system endures. It can be argued that the federal government want to threaten the very existence of aboriginal peoples, and to annihilate the foundations on which the aboriginal ways of life were organize by replacing them with unfamiliar contemporary practice. As a nation that prides itself of multiculturalism and the legal protection of all cultures, Canada was unable to acknowledge and conserve the dive rse aboriginal cultures. It was assumed that aboriginal children were the same across Canada.Differences among tribes, bands, and individuals vie no role in a federal policy that viewed aboriginal peoples as a fantastic object or problem that was in need of resolution. The IRS system was a dismal failure with far-reaching consequences for entire generations of aboriginal peoples. Aboriginal families were already sending their children to provincial public schools when federal policy intervened to decl be IRS to be their sole educational option. The Department of Indian Affairs (DIA) guaranteed the failure of aboriginal children to compete socially or intellectually with their non-aboriginal neighbors.I will illustrate how such a system lead to a epochal gap in illiteracy rates between mainstream Canadian and Aboriginal children. The IRS system operated on a half-day curriculum during which children were removed from the classroom each day to do occupational training involving ru dimentary tasks such as farming, harvesting, sewing, and constructing. At the root of the training was the lack of financial stake available to the IRS. In a detailed comparison I will discuss the federal grants received by the IRS, which were less than 25% of the grants received by provincial public schools.My comparison will further emphasize how the financial limitations on their federal budgets affected the Aboriginal childrens quality of education and overall life. Federal officials hoped to see the IRS system become self-supporting through the use of pupils raising crops, sewing clothes, and generally doing occupational training. Since the finale of the IRS system, the acknowledgment and progress of government compensation has helped to restore a sense of hope in the aboriginal community.Although the governments promises of a changed and better future support their efforts in alleviating the remnants of the IRS system, aboriginal peoples now boldness the hardships that were endured by their preceding generations with the justified belief that education is a tainted object of fear. Throughout the volume of Canadian history, the federal government utilized the IRS system to deprive Aboriginal peoples of their rights to proper living and education and have done little to reverse their damages.Annotated Bibliography Belanger, P. (2012). Dialogic Potential in the Shadow of Canadas Indian Residential School System. Argumentation and Advocacy, 49(1), 16. In his term, Patrick Belanger argues that although efforts are being made by the Canadian government to articulate their remorse to the aboriginal community, the apology they offered, presented by Stephen Harper attracted public attention that was greater in electron orbit than the apologys sincerity.Belanger supports his argument by exploring incidents and statements in the past made by Harper and his outside historical record. Belanger highlights how earlier on Harper had denied any history of coloni alism in Canada, albeit admitting to five centuries of institutionalized racial discrimination and aggressive assimilation. Belanger also states how Harper narrowed his apology to the IRS system and disregarded other issues such as the violation and appropriation of Native treaties and lands.This article is steadying to my enquiry because it supports the argument that although the Canadian government is making efforts to resolve the past, most of the progress that they propose is heavily focused on the future without particular attention and mediation to actual past events. Elias, B. , Mignone, J. , Hall, M. , Hong, S. P. , Hart, L. , & Sareen, J. (2012). Trauma and Suicide Behaviour Histories Among a Canadian Indigenous existence An Empirical Exploration of the Potential Role of Canadas Residential School System. Social Science & Medicine, 74, 1560-1569.In this article, the authors theorize that the IRS system left a pattern of suicidal behaviors that has passed on inter-generat ionally. The authors support their argument by conducting an empirical study to investigate the association of the IRS system with trauma and abusive behaviors. They collected data from residential and non-residential school attendees and their analyses found that for residential school attendees, negative experiences in the school were associated with a history of outcry and for those of younger age, they were also associated with suicidal attempts.For non-residential attendees who had a parent or grandparent who was an attendee, there was also an association with a history of abuse. This history, along with age and having had parents or grandparents who were attendees, was associated with a history of suicidal thoughts and attempts. This article is helpful to my research because it helps to show how the hindrances of the IRS system still linger in todays generation and how the damages are still not being properly reconciled today.MacDonald, D. B. , & Hudson, G. (2011). The Genoci de Question and Indian Residential Schools in Canada. Canadian Journal of Political Science, 45(2), 427-449. In their article, MacDonald and Hudson explore the crimes committed against Aboriginal peoples throughout the existence of the IRS and how it compares to genocide. They support their argument by considering existing international and domestic laws on genocide and applying these laws and theories meaningfully in the IRS system.This article is useful to my research because it discusses the interpretations of the crimes within the IRS system. It also uses a pool of evidence from survivors and documents to help me form cover judgments on the crimes committed by the government. Miller, J. R. (2002). Troubled Legacy A History of Native Residential Schools. Saskatchewan equity Review, 66, 357. In his article, J. R. Miller discusses the history of the IRS system and argues that there is not enough exposure of the scope of the systems evolution over the centuries.Miller supports his article by tracking the historical record of the IRS system and pointing out specific faults made by the Catholic Church and the federal government. He shows how inadequate government financing dating back to the late 1800s contributed to inadequate pedagogy, insufficient child care, and other forms of abuse. This article is helpful to my research because it focuses on the consequences of the systems financial and social deficiencies and how they caused aboriginal communities to turn against the institution of education.

Breaking bad behaviour

Breaking-Bad Behavior Habits argon liaisons that people do good or vainglorious repeatedly. People start their deliver habits, and they are really hard to break. Whether it is good or good-for-nothing habits, it is something that the person has to choose to change. Breaking bad habits is one of the hardest thing to do. The reason behind the bad habits are we begin as enjoyable activities, which we want to repeat. This encourages us to do things again, and the activity becomes a habit.This habit stub be any type of habit like cheating, smoking, and plagiarism. Now a long time, you can find everywhere duplicate things all over the world. People steal the formula of the original product and made the same product by different name. This is one kind of cheating. This habit is not good. To stop all that thing we scram to buy original and brand name thing which we know. This is the best way to stop this cheating, so this way we can make the company realize that they did wrong.To s top this thing company owner should not fox to show the formula of the product. This happen in college campus also. If some author wrote a book so the instructor of the another(prenominal) college add or remove some topic and published it as his own book. When we attend his/her class he/she told to prefer her own book. We have to look for other authors book and analyze it with college edition so we can use the original book. Smoking is a bad habit. It causes a cancer. runner the student started smoking as fun but subsequently sometimes they are habituated with it.They cannot live without it. If you dont do smoke and if your friend does and when he offer a cigarette to you, you refuse to smoke, but he forced Misery 2 you to smoke then you defiantly do it and after a few days you will start smoking. So this thing commonly you can see in the schools and colleges. To get free of these habit start eating chocolates, chewing gum etcetera. So you can divert your mind and after some times you will break your this habit. In the college instructor will give a project to the students.Student have to register their name to instructor which project they going to make. So during the class some decided what they have to make, but other cannot get the idea what they have to do. So during the talk they tried to know what other student is going to make. If they know what that other student is going to do then he diddle to instructor and register his name with project name, which is actually that students project. We are responsible for this that we dont know that person very well to whom we are talking and what he is thinking.Its he best way not to tell everything some work to other person, so we can keep our idea safe. Thus, to stop all these incidents of academic foul up we have to look out for the original source and follow the laws in colleges and schools to keep students away from the bad habits. If you are habituated with bad habit and you want to overcome of it , first commit to stopping the behavior by creating a plan, and develop self-discipline, and self-awareness so that you can stay on track. Also choose the right set out to dealing with it and involves others in your efforts.

Gender Roles in America Essay

The distinction between the roles of workforce and wo men in America is a modern societal dichotomy. What were once the black and white duties of the 1950s had paled into conglomerate shades of grey by the 21st century. The Ozzie and Harriet roles of the 1950s and early 1960s were challenged, redefined and sometimes ignored through with(predicate) the decennarys that followed. Women were demanding and being granted the opportunity to advance professional careers, explore alternative lifestyles, or forego the virtuous marri climb on family and be a single parent.In other cases the parenting roles were completely reversed as pointed off by Glenn Sacks in his essay Stay-at-Home Dads (277). During the 1950s, traditional American society pass judgment women to marry young, take aim children and support their husbands career. There was a sort of stigma associated with the 30 year archaic spinster addressed with the title Miss. This position was reinforced with the social media of the time. Books like Dr. Spocks, Babies and Child Care argued that women working(a) outside the home actually risked their childrens mental and emotional healthThe primary social media of the time, boob tube and movies, also promoted the division of roles with actresses like Doris Day, Harriet Nelson and Barbara Billingsley playing the supportive wife and caring mother piece of music the likes of Ozzie Nelson, Hugh Beaumont and Cary hand were the successful dominating male with the last word in all subjects. Men were expected to be a successful all knowing and authoritative figure, working the classic nine to five job.Those who did not fit this mold were considered by society as unmanly, lazy, failures, or just plain no-good. The only pleasurable exception to this model of the male persona was the dashing consummate bachelor portrayed by actors much(prenominal) as John Wayne, William Shatner, and Sean Connery. Women had no such exception. The unmarried womanly of the time was usually portrayed as Gidget (Sandra Dee), Jeannie (Barbara Eden), Sister Bertrille (Sally Fields) or That Girls Anne Marie (Marlo Thomas).Over the course of the next few decades women made spectacular strides towards social equality. Bras were burned, the pill brought on sexual freedom and the no-fault clause in divorce helped free women from the repressive shackles placed on them by the male dominated societal norm. Slowly and somewhat grudgingly, society responded to the female pressures by accepting more and more crossover roles by both women and men. The social differences between he roles of men and women began to blur as less value was placed on the traditional and both sexes began to emerge in the workplace in what had previously been opposite gender roles. Areas like engineering, construction and manufacturing saw a permanent influx of women jobs held temporarily by females during the war years of 1941 to 1945. Concurrently, men began to gravitate towards roles as nurses, teachers, and homemakers.In spite of all the work towards equality and sameism (a word I coined to describe the merging of the gender roles) men are put away primarily locked into the role of provider and modern women are painted into a receding expected to do all the female things and most of the male things while still being athletic, sexy, willing, engaging and smart. According to author Steven Hinshaw, Our teenage girls are baffled, distressed, and overwhelmed (by) a set of impossible, contradictory expectations (301), a situation he terms as a triple bind.Conversely young men are now expected to be seen as strong, brave, successful, sensitive, insightful, supportive and totally accepting of the womans new role while still knowing when to open doors and pay for the movie tickets. As we now enter the second decade of the 21st Century, there is no shortage of women doing mens jobs or vice-versa. The blending of traditional male-female roles has croak the norm and the old-style well defined roles of breadwinner and housewife are all but extinct.There is however, a festering trend of the liberated woman moving back into the traditional role of homemaker as they age and decide that they have missed something and now wish to express their maternal feelings. Thus, although modern society fosters the sufferance of more gender neutral roles through education, training and non-discrimination laws it also emphasizes the traditional roles as the desired outcome. So we find ourselves faced with the blurry gray dichotomy of how to meet the politically correct demands of society and still meet the individual needs of the members of that society.

Why Stay Connected

To deterrent connected with people we love, admire or evidently want to do business with is not as hard as it seems. Thanks to hearty media we drop the ability to communicate through the accessible mesh with fairish a click of a button. With so much data to shargon, I believe people use computers all(prenominal)day for accessible relationships, functionality, colonization, context and doctor because it renders a user friendly experience thats inviting and receptive. In todays society, social networking has become like an operating carcass where any experience net be social and user friendly.For most people, the web is a executable tool that is used everyday of the week from the sounding of the alarm clock, until television puts us to sleep. This tool is fitted of transporting information through text, audio, video or graphics across the world and can go nearly in an instant to and from anyone with a device and web access. Its beneficial sharing personalized and accu rate field of study with friends, family or business associates who rely on the web and value staying connected while developing social relationships. When developing social relationships its important to stay open and accessible at all times.Since people can now enjoy connecting with family and friends for free on social sites like Backbone, it allows loved ones from early(a) countries to communicate without incur expensive phone bills. Sometimes Internet use can cause a decline in face-to face time with families. In the article Successful Farming, A 2009 sight of 2,000 households by the University of Southern Californians Enablers decoct for the Digital Future reveals that 28% of Americans admit that they spend less time with members of their household. During the past decade, Merganser survey show that shargond family time ranged from 22. 6 to 29. 8 hours per month (Devise, C. 09 pig. 61). These statistics coincides with the explosion of social networks. The article in addit ion goes on to mention that Passbooks user base catapulted to 200 million in 2009 from 140 million in 2008. The survey argues out that 52% of users say the Internet is important or very important in sustaining relationships. But how important does the functionality play in business relationships? When considering the sites purpose for users through Functionality, the function of the site must be fulfilled. When a business positions itself to sell products, the site must be able to describe these items on with a summary about the company.According to the article, meshwork Site Functionality (Barnes, 2010), it lists three rules of function for companies to have success in selling their products. The first rule is to be quick and to the point. Companies shouldnt subject their visitors to flash and distracting images on the sales scalawag of the site. The goal here is not to loose your visitor before you sell them. The second rule is intend like a visitor, not like yourself. Thi s particular strategy helps the visitor to better understand what you are selling because of how undecomposable it is to read and access the product. Simplicity her is the key.The third rule is assist, dont constrain. What this rule is clearly stating is turn to your visitors like guess in your house. Show courtesy in the way you respond on your site, if visitors event an invalid quantity field. Instead of saying Invalid Quantity, say, Please enter only whole poesy in Quantity. This approach helps the visitors relax and feel comfortable, as they will have a better boilersuit experience on the site. Delta Air Lines is a good example of a company that has taking strides to give their guests without going through the technicalities of booking lights and hectic checking-inns.According to (NYSE DEAL) Delta was named Top Tech- Friendly U. S. Airlines by Popcorn magazine for its airport recharging stations (Technology & Business Journal, 2012). This recognition was based on Delta having in-flight Wi-If on more domestic flights than any some other newsboy and smartened APS with innovative features including baggage tracking, airport check-in and the ability to book tickets directly from Backbone, while enjoying 24-hour customer service via Twitter. Since customer service is first class for some companies is there a way for there company sites to become more social?I believe one of the best ways for every page to have a social experience, is through Colonization. Identity technologies like Backbone Connect, Opened, as puff up as existing identities will soon colonize the web in the near future, making every webbing a social experience even if they dont want to participate. Using Backbone for example, if you look at majority of television and radio adverts, you are quickly directed to the companys Backbone address. This call of action is a form of branding, which allows a company to communicate in a timely and informal manner.This teeth invites feedback and interaction with customers. Many brands are taking advantage of corporate pages like Coca Cola, which is the leading product on Backbone with over 20 million people liking its page (Towns, 2011). This style of Colonizing allows companies to inject their nature onto a web page, pushing employees to post comments, photographs and videos to promote a companys personality in a veritable way. A company would not move in the right direction if the context werent complete.This is wherefore content is so important because it personalizes an accurate account of the companys marketing campaign. Content is the fuel of the social web in that it brings a product launch to life through short films, videos, commercials, and emails by the product developer all-starting with a simple concept. According to the NYSE, Nielsen released results of a new re front study revealing online content as a colligation tissue for Internet users with 27 million pieces of content shared on a daily posterior (NYSE AOL, 2011).The results as well show that 53% time spent on the Internet is directly attributed to content consumption, and consumer social graphs play a key role in sharing content with email as the simple sharing tool. Nearly one-quarter of all social media messages contain links to content (NYSE AOL, 2011). In the web search world, one of the most undocumented forms of Content is word- of-mouth. According to the Keller Fay Groups Talk Track, as much as 90% of word-of- mouth takes place offline (Hawthorne, Chromic, 2012). This form of content is dispersed and sporadic across the Internet.Many agencies and research companies pull their information from multiple sources, which focus on finding online word-of- mouth and tone in posts to blobs, chat rooms, consumer review sites, social networking sites, and viral videos. Depending on the clientele of a website, the reviews and overall impressions of a product may be marketed differently. So how can word-of-mouth be leveraged th rough social commerce? When communities define different products and services, you are speak of Commerce, which is online and already social.A Nielsen report (2011) highlighted that 90% of consumers trust the opinions of people they know. 70% trust anonymous ratings and reviews posted online, compared to Just 33% who trust online banner ads. Many brands have shied away from social media when asking for the sale. For example, Mobile Web has become a key focus for developers as a recent survey points out that 66% of the developers rate Mobile Web support as a top priority for 2012 (Computers, Networks Computers, 2012). The article goes on to say that Bloodmobiles one-click purchase flow will help developers to accelerate revenue through direct carrier billing.This offers customers a simple and easy payment flow, which translates directly to higher revenue. Another example of how commerce solutions are becoming easier for consumers is the partnership with Ecocide, Inc. , producer of the worlds first platform-neutral, rope-in depot builder widget and website builder Yolk to provide its e-commerce solution to Yolk customers. Yolk is the leading website builder that lets individuals and small businesses create websites with no technical expertness required (Computer Weekly New, 2012).Yolks Online Store package powered by Ecocide allows users to quickly create a store by setting it up in their Yolk dashboard and dropping it into any page of a new and existing site. This all-in-one solution is for customers looking to create a website and start selling online. When you look at the many brands that use social applications, its not only in erect support of e-commerce activities, but also its in anticipation that it will deliver on the bottom line at some point in the near future.Such brands like Dell, who use Twitter for sales promotions, Trapdoors who uses Backbone to funnel sales and Matter, the gargantuan toy store who launched Shop Together which enables people in different locations to see what each other sees and talks about different products using an onscreen chat window. This social application has generated billions of dollars to major companies who understand the richness of social networking. In conclusion, we now understand better the need to connect and share with people globally and how cost effective and easy it is to stay in touch with friends, family and businesses through the social web.Social relationships are birthed from social networks, which become operating systems that provide services to customers who are looking for a social experience online. Without a sites purpose being as simple and easy to follow, consumers will be lost in translation. Thats why it is so important for networking sites to create a user-friendly atmosphere thats inviting and receptive. The reasons why people use the web are simply for the benefits. Without social relationships, functionality, colonization, context and commerce, there will be no desire to stay connected online.